Top 200 Drugs Flashcards with Audio in Alphabetical Order - PTCE PTCB Pharmacy Technician Test Prep
Summary
This video provides a comprehensive, rapid-fire overview of the top 200 prescription drugs, presented by a pharmacist. Each drug entry includes its generic name, common brand name(s), and primary indication(s), covering a wide range of therapeutic classes including antibiotics, antivirals, cardiovascular medications, CNS agents, antidepressants, and more. It serves as a quick reference tool for identifying drug names and their uses.
Key Insights
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) treats pain and fever.
Acetaminophen, brand name Tylenol, is presented as a medication for mouth pain and fever. It is a common over-the-counter and prescription medication used for pain relief and to reduce fever.
Narcotic analgesics like hydrocodone, morphine, and oxycodone treat moderate to severe pain.
Hydrocodone with acetaminophen (Norco), Morphine (Roxanol, MS Contin), and Oxycodone (Oxycodone, Oxycontin) are listed as opioid analgesics for moderate to severe pain, all classified as DEA Schedule II controlled substances.
NSAIDs like ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac treat pain and inflammation.
Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), Naproxen (Naprosyn, Anaprox), and Diclofenac (Voltaren) are identified as Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) used for pain and inflammation. Ketorolac (Toradol) is also noted as an NSAID for pain.
ACE inhibitors like lisinopril lower high blood pressure.
Lisinopril, brand name Prinivil or Zestril, is an ACE inhibitor used for high blood pressure. Benazepril (Lotensin) and Enalapril (Vasotec) are also ACE inhibitors for high blood pressure.
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) like losartan treat high blood pressure.
Losartan, brand name Cozaar, is an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) for high blood pressure. Valsartan (Diovan) and Irbesartan (Avapro) are also ARBs for high blood pressure.
Calcium channel blockers like amlodipine manage high blood pressure.
Amlodipine, brand name Norvasc, is a calcium channel blocker for high blood pressure. Diltiazem (Cardizem) and Verapamil (Calan, Verelan) are also calcium channel blockers for high blood pressure and abnormal heart rhythms.
Beta blockers like metoprolol treat high blood pressure and irregular heartbeats.
Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), Atenolol (Tenormin), and Propranolol (Inderal) are beta blockers used for high blood pressure and irregular heartbeat. Carvedilol (Coreg) and Nebivolol (Bystolic) are also beta blockers listed.
Statins like atorvastatin lower cholesterol.
Atorvastatin, brand name Lipitor, is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used for high cholesterol. Lovastatin (Mevacor, Altace), Pravastatin (Pravachol), Simvastatin (Zocor), and Rosuvastatin (Crestor) are also statins for high cholesterol.
Blood thinners like apixaban prevent blood clots.
Apixaban (Eliquis) and Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) are direct Factor Xa inhibitor blood thinners. Warfarin (Coumadin) is a vitamin K antagonist blood thinner. Aspirin (Ecotrin) and Clopidogrel (Plavix) are anti-platelet blood thinners.
Nitroglycerin relieves chest pain (angina).
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) is a nitrate vasodilator for chest pain. Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) is also a nitrate vasodilator for chest pain prevention.
Diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide reduce swelling and high blood pressure.
Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) is a thiazide diuretic for high blood pressure and swelling. Furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic, and Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a potassium-sparing diuretic.
Benzodiazepines like alprazolam treat anxiety and are controlled substances.
Alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin), Lorazepam (Ativan), and Diazepam (Valium) are benzodiazepines for anxiety, all classified as DEA Schedule IV controlled substances.
Stimulants like Adderall treat ADHD and are controlled substances.
Amphetamine with dextroamphetamine (Adderall), Methylphenidate (Ritalin), and Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) are central nervous system stimulants for ADHD, all classified as DEA Schedule II controlled substances. Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin) is also a Schedule II stimulant.
SSRIs like sertraline and escitalopram are antidepressants.
Sertraline (Zoloft), Fluoxetine (Prozac), Citalopram (Celexa), and Escitalopram (Lexapro) are Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) used as antidepressants.
SNRIs like venlafaxine and duloxetine treat depression and anxiety.
Venlafaxine (Effexor) and Duloxetine (Cymbalta) are Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) used as antidepressants.
Antipsychotics like aripiprazole and quetiapine treat psychosis.
Aripiprazole (Abilify), Quetiapine (Seroquel), Risperidone (Risperdal), and Olanzapine (Zyprexa) are antipsychotics. Many antipsychotics are used for conditions beyond psychosis, like bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.
Lamotrigine and Divalproex treat seizures and bipolar disorder.
Lamotrigine (Lamictal) is for seizures and bipolar disorder. Divalproex sodium (Depakote) is for seizures, bipolar disorder, and migraine prevention.
Gabapentin and Pregabalin manage nerve pain and seizures.
Gabapentin (Neurontin) and Pregabalin (Lyrica) are used for nerve pain and seizures.
Tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline are used for depression and nerve pain.
Amitriptyline (Elavil) and Nortriptyline (Pamelor) are tricyclic antidepressants also used for nerve pain.
Penicillin antibiotics like amoxicillin treat bacterial infections.
Amoxicillin (Amoxil) is a penicillin antibiotic. Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (Augmentin) is also a penicillin antibiotic.
Cephalosporins like cephalexin are broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Cephalexin (Keflex) and Ceftriaxone (Omnicef) are cephalosporin antibiotics.
Macrolide antibiotics like azithromycin treat infections.
Azithromycin (Zithromax) is a macrolide antibiotic.
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics like ciprofloxacin treat serious infections.
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) and Levofloxacin (Levaquin) are fluoroquinolone antibiotics.
Acyclovir is an antiviral for herpes and varicella.
Acyclovir (Zovirax) is an antiviral medication used to treat herpes and varicella virus infections.
Valacyclovir (Valtrex) is an antiviral for herpes infections.
Valacyclovir (Valtrex) is an antiviral used for herpes and varicella virus infections.
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is an antiviral for influenza.
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is an antiviral medication used to treat influenza (the flu).
Albuterol is a bronchodilator for asthma.
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) is a beta-2 bronchodilator used for asthma and other lung diseases.
Inhaled corticosteroids like fluticasone manage asthma and COPD.
Fluticasone (Flonase) is an intranasal steroid for allergies. Fluticasone with salmeterol (Advair) is a combination steroid and bronchodilator for asthma and COPD. Budesonide (Pulmicort) is another inhaled steroid.
Tiotropium (Spiriva) is an anticholinergic bronchodilator for COPD.
Tiotropium (Spiriva) is an anticholinergic bronchodilator used for chronic bronchitis, COPD, or emphysema.
Montelukast (Singulair) blocks leukotrienes for asthma and allergies.
Montelukast (Singulair) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma and allergies.
Proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole reduce stomach acid for heartburn.
Omeprazole (Prilosec), Esomeprazole (Nexium), and Pantoprazole (Protonix) are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) used for heartburn and GERD.
H2 blockers like famotidine treat heartburn.
Famotidine (Pepcid) and Ranitidine (Zantac) are H2 blockers used for heartburn and GERD.
Docusate (Colace) is a stool softener for constipation.
Docusate (Colace) is a stool softener used to treat constipation.
Polyethylene glycol (Miralax) is a laxative for constipation.
Polyethylene glycol (Miralax) is a laxative used for constipation or for GI procedure preparation.
Metformin is a first-line oral medication for type 2 diabetes.
Metformin (Glucophage) is an oral medication for diabetes in the biguanide class. Metformin with sitagliptin (Janumet) is a combination oral medication for diabetes.
GLP-1 analogs like dulaglutide and liraglutide are injectable diabetes medications.
Dulaglutide (Trulicity) and Liraglutide (Victoza) are injectable diabetes medications in the GLP-1 analog class. They help regulate blood sugar.
Insulin aspart (Novolog) and lispro (Humalog) are rapid-acting insulins.
Insulin aspart (Novolog) and Insulin lispro (Humalog) are rapid-acting injectable insulins for diabetes. Insulin glargine (Lantus), degludec (Tresiba), and detemir (Levemir) are long-acting insulins.
Alendronate (Fosamax) prevents and treats osteoporosis.
Alendronate (Fosamax) is a bisphosphonate used for osteoporosis prevention and treatment.
Allopurinol (Xyloprim) prevents gout.
Allopurinol (Xyloprim) is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for gout prevention. Colchicine (Colcrys) is also for gout prevention and treatment.
Gabapentin (Neurontin) treats seizures and nerve pain.
Gabapentin (Neurontin) is a medication for seizures and nerve pain. Pregabalin (Lyrica) is also used for nerve pain and seizures.
Levothyroxine (Synthroid) replaces thyroid hormone.
Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl) is a synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism.
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is an antidepressant and smoking cessation aid.
Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban) is an NDRI antidepressant and also used for smoking cessation.
Hydrocortisone cream treats skin allergies.
Hydrocortisone cream (Cortizone) is a topical steroid for allergic reactions of the skin. Triamcinolone cream (Aristocort, Kenalog) is another topical steroid.
Guaifenesin (Mucinex) is an expectorant for congestion.
Guaifenesin (Robitussin, Mucinex) is an expectorant used to loosen mucus in the chest and throat.
Tamsulosin (Flomax) treats enlarged prostate symptoms.
Tamsulosin (Flomax) is a urinary selective alpha blocker used for enlarged prostate symptoms. Terazosin (Hytrin) and Doxazosin (Cardura) also treat enlarged prostate symptoms and high blood pressure.
Allopurinol (Xyloprim) is used to prevent gout.
Allopurinol, brand name Xyloprim, is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor for gout prevention. Colchicine (Colcrys) is also used for gout prevention and treatment.
Hydralazine (Apresoline) is a vasodilator for high blood pressure.
Hydralazine (Apresoline) is a vasodilator used to treat high blood pressure.
Buspirone (Buspar) is a medication for anxiety.
Buspirone (Buspar) is a medication used to treat anxiety.
Donepezil (Aricept) is a cholinesterase inhibitor for dementia.
Donepezil (Aricept) is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease.
Sumatriptan (Imitrex) treats migraine headaches.
Sumatriptan (Imitrex) is a 5HT1B/1D receptor agonist used for the acute treatment of migraine headaches. Rizatriptan (Maxalt) is another triptan.
Sections
Analgesics and Antipyretics
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) treats pain and fever.
Acetaminophen, brand name Tylenol, is presented as a medication for mouth pain and fever. It is a common over-the-counter and prescription medication used for pain relief and to reduce fever.
Narcotic analgesics like hydrocodone, morphine, and oxycodone treat moderate to severe pain.
Hydrocodone with acetaminophen (Norco), Morphine (Roxanol, MS Contin), and Oxycodone (Oxycodone, Oxycontin) are listed as opioid analgesics for moderate to severe pain, all classified as DEA Schedule II controlled substances.
NSAIDs like ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac treat pain and inflammation.
Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), Naproxen (Naprosyn, Anaprox), and Diclofenac (Voltaren) are identified as Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) used for pain and inflammation. Ketorolac (Toradol) is also noted as an NSAID for pain.
Cardiovascular Medications
ACE inhibitors like lisinopril lower high blood pressure.
Lisinopril, brand name Prinivil or Zestril, is an ACE inhibitor used for high blood pressure. Benazepril (Lotensin) and Enalapril (Vasotec) are also ACE inhibitors for high blood pressure.
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) like losartan treat high blood pressure.
Losartan, brand name Cozaar, is an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) for high blood pressure. Valsartan (Diovan) and Irbesartan (Avapro) are also ARBs for high blood pressure.
Calcium channel blockers like amlodipine manage high blood pressure.
Amlodipine, brand name Norvasc, is a calcium channel blocker for high blood pressure. Diltiazem (Cardizem) and Verapamil (Calan, Verelan) are also calcium channel blockers for high blood pressure and abnormal heart rhythms.
Beta blockers like metoprolol treat high blood pressure and irregular heartbeats.
Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), Atenolol (Tenormin), and Propranolol (Inderal) are beta blockers used for high blood pressure and irregular heartbeat. Carvedilol (Coreg) and Nebivolol (Bystolic) are also beta blockers listed.
Statins like atorvastatin lower cholesterol.
Atorvastatin, brand name Lipitor, is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used for high cholesterol. Lovastatin (Mevacor, Altace), Pravastatin (Pravachol), Simvastatin (Zocor), and Rosuvastatin (Crestor) are also statins for high cholesterol.
Blood thinners like apixaban prevent blood clots.
Apixaban (Eliquis) and Rivaroxaban (Xarelto) are direct Factor Xa inhibitor blood thinners. Warfarin (Coumadin) is a vitamin K antagonist blood thinner. Aspirin (Ecotrin) and Clopidogrel (Plavix) are anti-platelet blood thinners.
Nitroglycerin relieves chest pain (angina).
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) is a nitrate vasodilator for chest pain. Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur) is also a nitrate vasodilator for chest pain prevention.
Diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide reduce swelling and high blood pressure.
Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) is a thiazide diuretic for high blood pressure and swelling. Furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic, and Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a potassium-sparing diuretic.
Central Nervous System (CNS) Medications
Benzodiazepines like alprazolam treat anxiety and are controlled substances.
Alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin), Lorazepam (Ativan), and Diazepam (Valium) are benzodiazepines for anxiety, all classified as DEA Schedule IV controlled substances.
Stimulants like Adderall treat ADHD and are controlled substances.
Amphetamine with dextroamphetamine (Adderall), Methylphenidate (Ritalin), and Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse) are central nervous system stimulants for ADHD, all classified as DEA Schedule II controlled substances. Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin) is also a Schedule II stimulant.
SSRIs like sertraline and escitalopram are antidepressants.
Sertraline (Zoloft), Fluoxetine (Prozac), Citalopram (Celexa), and Escitalopram (Lexapro) are Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) used as antidepressants.
SNRIs like venlafaxine and duloxetine treat depression and anxiety.
Venlafaxine (Effexor) and Duloxetine (Cymbalta) are Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) used as antidepressants.
Antipsychotics like aripiprazole and quetiapine treat psychosis.
Aripiprazole (Abilify), Quetiapine (Seroquel), Risperidone (Risperdal), and Olanzapine (Zyprexa) are antipsychotics. Many antipsychotics are used for conditions beyond psychosis, like bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.
Lamotrigine and Divalproex treat seizures and bipolar disorder.
Lamotrigine (Lamictal) is for seizures and bipolar disorder. Divalproex sodium (Depakote) is for seizures, bipolar disorder, and migraine prevention.
Gabapentin and Pregabalin manage nerve pain and seizures.
Gabapentin (Neurontin) and Pregabalin (Lyrica) are used for nerve pain and seizures.
Tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline are used for depression and nerve pain.
Amitriptyline (Elavil) and Nortriptyline (Pamelor) are tricyclic antidepressants also used for nerve pain.
Antibiotics and Antivirals
Penicillin antibiotics like amoxicillin treat bacterial infections.
Amoxicillin (Amoxil) is a penicillin antibiotic. Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (Augmentin) is also a penicillin antibiotic.
Cephalosporins like cephalexin are broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Cephalexin (Keflex) and Ceftriaxone (Omnicef) are cephalosporin antibiotics.
Macrolide antibiotics like azithromycin treat infections.
Azithromycin (Zithromax) is a macrolide antibiotic.
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics like ciprofloxacin treat serious infections.
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) and Levofloxacin (Levaquin) are fluoroquinolone antibiotics.
Acyclovir is an antiviral for herpes and varicella.
Acyclovir (Zovirax) is an antiviral medication used to treat herpes and varicella virus infections.
Valacyclovir (Valtrex) is an antiviral for herpes infections.
Valacyclovir (Valtrex) is an antiviral used for herpes and varicella virus infections.
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is an antiviral for influenza.
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is an antiviral medication used to treat influenza (the flu).
Respiratory Medications
Albuterol is a bronchodilator for asthma.
Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin) is a beta-2 bronchodilator used for asthma and other lung diseases.
Inhaled corticosteroids like fluticasone manage asthma and COPD.
Fluticasone (Flonase) is an intranasal steroid for allergies. Fluticasone with salmeterol (Advair) is a combination steroid and bronchodilator for asthma and COPD. Budesonide (Pulmicort) is another inhaled steroid.
Tiotropium (Spiriva) is an anticholinergic bronchodilator for COPD.
Tiotropium (Spiriva) is an anticholinergic bronchodilator used for chronic bronchitis, COPD, or emphysema.
Montelukast (Singulair) blocks leukotrienes for asthma and allergies.
Montelukast (Singulair) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma and allergies.
Gastrointestinal Medications
Proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole reduce stomach acid for heartburn.
Omeprazole (Prilosec), Esomeprazole (Nexium), and Pantoprazole (Protonix) are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) used for heartburn and GERD.
H2 blockers like famotidine treat heartburn.
Famotidine (Pepcid) and Ranitidine (Zantac) are H2 blockers used for heartburn and GERD.
Docusate (Colace) is a stool softener for constipation.
Docusate (Colace) is a stool softener used to treat constipation.
Polyethylene glycol (Miralax) is a laxative for constipation.
Polyethylene glycol (Miralax) is a laxative used for constipation or for GI procedure preparation.
Diabetes Medications
Metformin is a first-line oral medication for type 2 diabetes.
Metformin (Glucophage) is an oral medication for diabetes in the biguanide class. Metformin with sitagliptin (Janumet) is a combination oral medication for diabetes.
GLP-1 analogs like dulaglutide and liraglutide are injectable diabetes medications.
Dulaglutide (Trulicity) and Liraglutide (Victoza) are injectable diabetes medications in the GLP-1 analog class. They help regulate blood sugar.
Insulin aspart (Novolog) and lispro (Humalog) are rapid-acting insulins.
Insulin aspart (Novolog) and Insulin lispro (Humalog) are rapid-acting injectable insulins for diabetes. Insulin glargine (Lantus), degludec (Tresiba), and detemir (Levemir) are long-acting insulins.
Other Important Medications
Alendronate (Fosamax) prevents and treats osteoporosis.
Alendronate (Fosamax) is a bisphosphonate used for osteoporosis prevention and treatment.
Allopurinol (Xyloprim) prevents gout.
Allopurinol (Xyloprim) is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for gout prevention. Colchicine (Colcrys) is also for gout prevention and treatment.
Gabapentin (Neurontin) treats seizures and nerve pain.
Gabapentin (Neurontin) is a medication for seizures and nerve pain. Pregabalin (Lyrica) is also used for nerve pain and seizures.
Levothyroxine (Synthroid) replaces thyroid hormone.
Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl) is a synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism.
Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is an antidepressant and smoking cessation aid.
Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban) is an NDRI antidepressant and also used for smoking cessation.
Hydrocortisone cream treats skin allergies.
Hydrocortisone cream (Cortizone) is a topical steroid for allergic reactions of the skin. Triamcinolone cream (Aristocort, Kenalog) is another topical steroid.
Guaifenesin (Mucinex) is an expectorant for congestion.
Guaifenesin (Robitussin, Mucinex) is an expectorant used to loosen mucus in the chest and throat.
Tamsulosin (Flomax) treats enlarged prostate symptoms.
Tamsulosin (Flomax) is a urinary selective alpha blocker used for enlarged prostate symptoms. Terazosin (Hytrin) and Doxazosin (Cardura) also treat enlarged prostate symptoms and high blood pressure.
Allopurinol (Xyloprim) is used to prevent gout.
Allopurinol, brand name Xyloprim, is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor for gout prevention. Colchicine (Colcrys) is also used for gout prevention and treatment.
Hydralazine (Apresoline) is a vasodilator for high blood pressure.
Hydralazine (Apresoline) is a vasodilator used to treat high blood pressure.
Buspirone (Buspar) is a medication for anxiety.
Buspirone (Buspar) is a medication used to treat anxiety.
Donepezil (Aricept) is a cholinesterase inhibitor for dementia.
Donepezil (Aricept) is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease.
Sumatriptan (Imitrex) treats migraine headaches.
Sumatriptan (Imitrex) is a 5HT1B/1D receptor agonist used for the acute treatment of migraine headaches. Rizatriptan (Maxalt) is another triptan.
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